[Photo] links

CameraHobby
CameraHobby learning

[Photo] B+W filters

B+W UV filter UV 010 MRC
B+W Skylight filter KR 1.5 MRC

B+W Neutral Density filter 101/102/103/106/110/113/120 MRC

B+W Kaesemann Polarizing filters (linear/circular)

B+W circular polarizing filter

B+W Top-Pol linear Polarizing filter

B+W Warm Tone Polarizing filters

B+W Redhancer 491

[Photo] optical filters

The best results are achieved by using correct filters -- not by digitally enhancing in a software program as once undesired light parts are included in the image information.

[Photo] Neutral Density filter

Creative tip:

For evening and night exposures, close the perture to be very small, use a strong ND filter and use a tripod and take long exposure time. The result image will be looks surreal.

[Photo] Polarizer

Polarizers remove distorting reflections of light, increase color saturation, and in addition increase the contrast.

Scattered light, glare and other strong reflections can degrade photographs in many ways—e.g., by diluting colors, by obscuring or distracting the viewer from important image details, or by forcing suboptimal exposure compromises. Luckily, nature tends to tag such "bad light" with varying degrees of polarization, and that marker provides an easy way to suppress the "bad light" while capturing the good.

Most of the primary light sources encountered in photography—the sun, moon, indoor lighting, flash lamps—are unpolarized, meaning that the electric field fluctuations accompanying the light are oriented equally and randomly in all directions perpendicular to the light's direction of travel. If all the light's electric fields were oriented in the same direction, we'd say it's linearly or plane polarized. Other types of polarization—e.g., circular and elliptical—are seldom encountered by photographers outside their cameras.

Unpolarized light typically acquires polarization through absorption, scattering or reflection.

see also:
camerapedia on polarizer
B+W filters FAQ
using a polarizer effectively

[Work] EGSR 2007

Interesting papers:

Scene Collages and Flexible Camera Arrays

Yoshikuni Nomura, Li Zhang, Shree Nayar

Dirty Glass: Rendering Contamination on Transparent Surfaces

Jinwei Gu, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Peter Belhumeur, Shree Nayar

Material Based Splashing of Water Drops

Kshitiz Garg, Shree K. Nayar, Gurunandan Krishnan

Rapid Acquisition of Specular and Diffuse Normal Maps from Polarized Spherical Gradient Illumination

Wan-Chun Ma, Tim Hawkins, Pieter Peers, Charles-Felix Chabert, Malte Weiss, Paul Debevec

Procedural Editing of Bidirectional Texture Functions

Gero Müller, Ralf Sarlette, Reinhard Klein

Rendering Random Media Using Precomputed Scattering Solutions

Jonathan T. Moon, Bruce Walter, Stephen R. Marschner

High Dynamic Range Image Hallucination (TR)

Lvdi Wang, Li-Yi Wei, Kun Zhou, Baining Guo, Heung-Yeung Shum

Using Photographs to Enhance Videos of a Static Scene

Pravin Bhat, C. Lawrence Zitnick, Noah Snavely, Aseem Agarwala, Maneesh Agrawala, Michael Cohen, Brian Curless, Sing Bing Kang

[Work] IBRraw format

IBRraw format

File header 
IBRraw.xdr
@@FileBaseName = orange_05_1
@@FileID = IBRraw
@@ImageDim = 2
@@ImageSize = 128 200
@@buffer-channels-0 = 3
@@buffer-primtype-0 = float
@@buffer-type-0 = color
---end-of-header---

Following the header is the image data.

Sample code for reading an IBRraw file

 
 void read_IBRraw_float(const char *filename, int *width, int *height, float **buf) {
    FILE *f=fopen(filename, "rb");
    if(f==NULL){
      perror("Error opening file");
    }

    string line;
    // read signature "IBRraw"
    line = GetLine(f);
    assert(line.substr(0,6) == "IBRraw");
    bool use_xdr = (line.substr(0,10) == "IBRraw.xdr");

    // read all parameters until end-of-header marker
    bool end_of_header=false;
    do {
      line = GetLine(f);
      end_of_header = line.substr(0,IBR_FFRAW_EOH.size()) == IBR_FFRAW_EOH;
      if(!end_of_header) {
        if(line.substr(2, IBR_FFRAW_SIZE.size()) == IBR_FFRAW_SIZE){
          sscanf(line.c_str(), "%d %d",&width, &height);
        }
      }
    } while(!feof(f) && !end_of_header);

    //allocate space
    int w=(*width);
    int h=(*height);
    (*buf) = new float[w*h*3];

    //read data
    fread((*buf),sizeof(float),w*h*3,f);
    if(use_xdr) {
      ntohl_buf(w*h*3, (uint32 *)(*buf) );
    }
    fclose(f);
  }

[Work] Texture

*****************************************
nature, texture, flow, optimization
*****************************************

[Agarwala04] interactive digital photomontage
Aseem Agarwala siggraph 2004

[Bhat04] flow-based video synthesis and editing
K.S.Bhat siggraph 2004

[Bhat04] geometric texture synthesis by example
Pravin Bhat symposium on geometric processing 2004

[Chan05] Mixtures of dynamic textures
Antoni B. Chan and Nuno Vasconcelos ICCV 2005

[Chan05] Layered dynamic textures
A.B.Chan Neural information processing systems 2005

[Chenney04] Flow tiles
Stephen Chenney, SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation 2004

[Chuang05] animating pictures with stochastic motion textures
Yung-yu chuang siggraph 2005

[Cohen05] Background estimation as a labeling problem
Scott Cohen ICCV 2005

[Cuzol05] a stochastic filter for fluid motion tracking
Anne Cuzol ICCV 2005

[Doretto03] Editable Dynamic Textures
Gianfranco Doretto and Stefano Soatto. CVPR 2003

[Doretto03] Dynamic Textures segmentation
Gianfranco Doretto ICCV 2003

[Fitzgibbon03] Image-Based Rendering Using Image-Based Priors
A. Fitzgibbon ICCV 2003 best paper

[Garg05] when does a camera see rain?
Kshitiz Garg and shree K. Nayar ICCV 2005

[Hel-or03] Synthesis and Rendering of 3D Textures
Yacov Hel-Or, Tom Malzbender, Dan Gelb. Texture 2003

[Jagnow04] Stereological techniques for solid textures
R. Jagnow siggraph 2004

[Kahl05] globally optimal estimates for geometric reconstruction problems
Fredrik Kahl ICCV 2005 best paper

[Kwatra03] graphcut textures: image and video synthesis using graph cuts
V. Kwatra siggraph 2003

[Kwatra05] example-based rendering of textural phenomena
V. Kwatra PhD thesis

[Kwatra05] texture optimization for example-based synthesis
V. Kwatra siggraph 2005

[Lai05] Geometric texture synthesis and transfer via geometry images
Y.-K. Lai , S.-M. Hu , D. X. Gu , R. R. Martin. Proceedings of the
2005 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling, 2005

[Laramee03] The State of the Art in Flow Visualization: Dense and
Texture-Based Techniques
Robert S. Laramee EG STAR 2003

[Lefebvre05] Parallel controllable texture synthesis
Sylvain Lefebvre and Hugues Hoppe. siggraph 2005

[Matusik05] texture design using a simplicial complex of morphable textures
W. Matusik siggraph 2005

[McNamara04] Fluid control using the adjoint method
Antoine McNamara siggraph 2004

[Neubeck04] viewpoint consistent texture synthesis
A. Neubeck 3DPVT 2004

[Neyret03] advected textures
Fabrice Neyret Symposium on computer animation 2003

[Pitie05] N-dimensional probability density function transfer and
its application to colour transfer
Francois Pitie ICCV 2005

[Sarel05] separating transparent layers of repetitive dynamic behaviors
bernard Sarel ICCV 2005

[Schödl02] Controlled Animation of Video Sprites
Arno Schödl, Irfan Essa.
Proceedings of the First ACM Symposium on Computer Animation

[Seki03] background subtraction based on cooccurence of image variations
Makito Seki CVPR 2003

[Shi05] Controllable smoke animation with guiding objects
Lin Shi , Yizhou Yu TOG v.24 n.1, p.140-164, 2005

[Soatto01] Dynamic textures
Stefano Soatto ICCV 2001

[Stam03] flows on surfaces of arbitrary topology
Jos Stam siggraph 2003

[Stam03] Real-Time Fluid Dynamics for Games
Jos Stam, Game Developer Conference,2003, with demo source code

[Sun03] video input driven animation (VIDA)
Meng Sun ICCV 2003

[Tonietto02] Towards Local Control for Image-Based Texture Synthesis
Leandro Tonietto and Marcelo Walter 2002. Proceedings of the 15th
Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing

[Vidal05] optical flow estimation & segmentation of multiple moving
dynamic textures
R. Vidal CVPR 2005

[Vogiatzis05] using frontier points to recover shape, reflectance
and illumination
George Vogiatzis ICCV 2005

[Wang04] analysis and synthesis of textured motion: particles and waves
Yizhou Wang PAMI 2004

[Wei01] Texture synthesis over arbitrary manifold surfaces
Li-Yi Wei siggraph 2001

[Wexler04] Space-Time Video Completion
Y. Wexler, E. Shechtman and M. Irani. CVPR 2004

[Wu04] Feature matching and deformation for texture synthesis
Qing Wu and Yizhou Yu. siggraph 2004

[Xiao05] accurate motion layer segmentation and matting
Jiangjian xiao and Mubarak Shah CVPR 2005

[Yuan04] synthesizing dynamic texture with closed-loop linear dynamic system.
L. Yuan ECCV 2004

[Zalesny04] composite texture synthesis
A. Zalesny IJCV 2004

[Zhang03] Synthesis of progressively-variant textures on arbitrary
surfaces Jingdan Zhang , Kun Zhou , Luiz Velho , Baining Guo ,
Heung-Yeung Shum, TOG, 2003

[Zhou05] textureMontage: seamless texturing of arbitrary surfaces
from multiple images
Kun zhou siggraph 2005

[Work] ProCams

References
[Ashdown and Sukthankar 2003] Robust calibration of camera-projector system for multi-planar displays
Mark Ashdown and Rahul Sukthankar. HP TR2003

[Ashdown and Sato 2005] Steerable Projector calibration
Mark Ashdown and Yoichi Sato. Procams 2005

[Brown et al. 2005] Camera-based Calibration techniques for seamless multi-projector displays
Michael Brown, Aditi Majumder and Ruigang Yang. TVCG 2005

[Chen et al. 2002] Scalable Alignment of large-format multi-projector displays using camera homography trees
Han Chen, Rahul Sukthankar, Grant Wallace and Kai Li. Visualization 2002

[Fujii et al. 2005] A projector-camera system with real-time photometric adaption for dynamic environments
Kensaku Fujii, Michael D. Grossberg and Shree K. Nayar. CVPR 2005

[Garg et al. 2006] Symmetric Photography : Exploiting Data-sparseness in Reflectance Fields
Gaurav Garg, Eino-Ville Talvala, Marc Levoy, Hendrik P. A. Lensch. EGSR 2006

[Nayar et al. 2006] Fast Separation of Direct and Global Components of a Scene Using High Frequency Illumination
Shree K. Nayar, Gurunandan Krishnan, Michael D. Grossberg, Ramesh Raskar. SIGGRAPH 2006.

[Nayar and Krishnan 2006] Visual chatter in the real world
Shree K. Nayar, Gurunandan Krishnan. EGSR 2006 (Keynote talk).

[Raskar et al. 1999] Multi-projector displays using camera-based registration
Ramesh Raskar, Michael Brown, Ruigang Yang, Wei-chao Chen, Greg Welch, Herman Towles, Brent Seales, and Henry Fuchs. IEEE Visualization 1999

[Raskar and Beardsley 2001] A Self-Correcting Projector
Ramesh Raskar and Paul beardsley. CVPR 2001

[Sen et al. 2005] Dual Photography
Pradeep Sen, Billy Chen, Gaurav Garg, Steve Marschner, Mark Horowitz, Marc Levoy, Hendrik P. A. Lensch. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Sukthankar et al. 2001] Smarter presentations: exploiting homography in camera-projector systems
Rahul Sukthankar, Robert G. Stocktom and Matthew D. Mullin. ICCV 2001

[Wilburn et al. 2005] High performance imaging using large camera arrays
Bennett Wilburn et al. siggraph 2005

[Zhang and Nayar 2006] Projection Defocus Analysis for Scene Capture and Image Display
Li Zhang, Shree K. Nayar. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Work] emacs -- insert a new line

Q: How do I embed a newline in a regexp I'm typing into the minibuffer?

A: You use the key sequence C-q C-j. The C-q invokes the Emacs `quoted-insert' command, which basically says "insert the next character literally, without invoking any commands with it." C-j (i.e., control-j) is how a newline character is represented in Emacs.

C-q is a useful general-purpose Emacs command. Whenever you want to insert a character (in the minibuffer or a regular buffer), and it's just refusing to go in, C-q will almost always do the trick.

Stevey's blog on Emacs
Stevey's Drunken Blog Rants™

[Work] 3D scanning

References

[Bouguet and Perona 1999] 3D photography using shadows in dual-space geometry
J.-Y. Bouguet and P. perona. IJCV 1999.

[Bronstein et al. 2003] High-resolution structured light range scanner with automatic calibration
Alenander M. Bronstein, Michael M. Bronstein, Eyal Gordon, Ron Kimmel. Technion TR2003

[Chang 2003] Efficient Dense Correspondences using Temporally Encoded Light Patterns
Nelson L.Chang. PROCAMS'03

[Clarke and Fryer 1998] The Development of Camera Calibration Methods and Models
T.A. Clarke and J.G. Fryer. Photogrammetric Record, 16(91): 51-66, 1998

[Curless and Levoy 1995] Better Optical Triangulation through spacetime analysis
Brian Curless and Marc Levoy. SIGGRAPH 1995

[Davis et al. 2003] Spacetime stereo: A Unifying framework for depth from triangulation
James Davis, Ravi Ramamoorthi and Szymon Rusinkiewicz. ICCV 2003

[Davis et al. 2005] Spacetime Stereo: A Unifying Framework for Depth from Triangulation
James Davis, Diego Nehab, Ravi Ramamoorthi, and Szymon Rusinkiewicz, PAMI 2005

[Godin et al. 2001] An Assessment of Laser Range Measurement of Marble Surfaces
Guy Godin, J.-Angelo Beraldin, Marc Rioux, Marc Levoy, Luc Cournoyer, Francois Blais. Proc. Fifth Conference on optical 3-D measurement techniques

[Guan et al. 2003] Composite structured light pattern for three-dimensional video
C. Guan, L.G.Hassebrook, and D.L.Lau. Opt. 2003

[Harding and Svetkoff 1996] 3D laser measurements on scattering and translucent surfaces
G. Harding, Donald J. Svetkoff. Proceedings of SPIE. 1996, pp. 217-227

[Hartley and Zisserman 2002] Multiple view geometry in computer vision
Richard Hartley and Andrew Zisserman. 2002

[Heikkilae and Silven 1997] A four-step camera calibration procedure with implicit image correction
Janne Heikkilae and Olli Silven. CVPR 1997

[Holt and Rusinkiewicz 2001] Stripe boundary codes for real-time structured-light range scanning of moving objects
Olaf Hall-Holt and Szymon RusinKiewicz. ICCV 2001

[Horn and Kiryati 1999] Toward Optimal Structured light patterns
Eli Horn and Nahum Kiryati. Image and Vision Computing, 1999

[Huang and Zhang 2005] 3-D Optical Measurement Using Phase Shifting Based Methods
Peisen S. Huang and Song Zhang. SPIE Optics East, Boston, MA, 2005 (invited paper).

[Huang and Zhang 2006] Fast three-step phase-shifting algorithm
P.S.Huang and S. Zhang. Appl. Opt. 45, 5086-5091 (2006)

[Huynh 1997] Calibration of a structured light system: a projective approach
Du Q. Huynh. CVPR 1997

[Huynh et al. 1999] Calibrating a structured light stripe system: a novel appoach
D.Q. Huynh, R.A. Owens and P.E. Hartmann. IJCV 1999

[Je et al. 2004] High-contrast color-stripe pattern for rapid structure-light range imaging
Changsoo Je, Sang Wook Lee, and Rae-Hong Park. ECCV 2004

[Kim et al. 2005] Structured light based depth edge detection for object shape recovery
Cheohwon Kim et al. CVPR 2005

[Kolb et al. 1995] A realistic camera model for computer graphics
Craig Kolb, Don Mitchell, and Pat Hanrahan. SIGGRAPH 1995.

[Koninckx et al. 2005] Scene-adapted structured light
Thomas P. Konickx, Pieter Peers, Philip Dutre and Luc Van Gool. CVPR 2005

[Kutulakos and Steger 2005] A Theory of Refractive and Specular 3D Shape by Light-Path Triangulation
K. N. Kutulakos and E. Steger. ICCV 2005

[Legarda-Saenz et al. 2004] Accurate procedure for the calibration of a structured light system
Ricardo Legarda-Saenz, Thorsten Bothe and Werner P. Jueptner. Opt. 2004

[Li et al. 2004] Fast subpixel accurate reconstruction using color structured light
Hao Li, Raphael Staub and Hartmut Prautzsch. Visualization, Imaging, and Image Processing. 2004

[Matusik et al. 2002] Image-Based 3D Photography Using Opacity Hulls
Wojciech Matusik, Hanspeter Pfister, Addy Ngan, Paul Beardsley, Leonard McMillan. SIGGRAPH 2002

[Morris and Kutulakos 2005] Dynamic Refraction Stereo
N. J. W. Morris and K. N. Kutulakos. ICCV 2005

[Narasimhan and Nayar 2005] Structured light methods for underwater imaging: light stripe scanning and photometric stereo
Srinivasa Narasimhan and Shree Nayar. IEEE/MTS Oceans 2005

[Nehab et al. 2005] Efficiently Combining Positions and Normals for Precise 3D Geometry
Diego Nehab, Szymon Rusinkiewicz, James Davis, Ravi Ramamoorthi. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Nehab et al. 2005] Improved sub-pixel stereo correspondences through symmetric refinement
Diego Nehab, Szymon Rusinkiewicz, James Davis

[Okatani and Deguchi 2003] Autocalibration of a projector-screen-camera system: theory and algorithm for screen-to-camera homography estimation
Takayuki Okatani and Koichiro Deguchi. ICCV 2003

[Pan et al. 2004] Color N-ary Gray Code for 3-D Shape Measurement
Jiahui Pan, Peisen Huang, Song Zhang, and Fu-pen Chiang. 12th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, 2004.

[Park and Kak 2006] 3D Modeling of Optically Challenging Objects
Johnny Park and Avinash C. Kak. TCVG'06 submission

[Rusinkiewicz and Levoy 2001] Efficient variants of the ICP algorithm
Szymon Rusinkiewicz and Marc Levoy. 3DIM 2001

[Rusinkiewicz et al. 2002] Real-Time 3D Model Acquisition
Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Olaf Hall-Holt, Marc Levoy. SIGGRAPH 2002

[Sadlo et al. 2005] A Practical Structured Light Acquisition System for Point-Based Geometry and Texture
Filip Sadlo, Tim Weyrich, Ronald Peikert, Markus Gross. EG symposium on point-based graphics 2005

[Salvi et al. 2004] Pattern codification strategies in structured light systems
Joaquim Salvi, Jordi Pages and Joan Batlle. Pattern Recognition. 2004

[Scharstein and Szeliski 2003] High-accuracy stereo depth maps using structured light
Daniel Scharstein and Richard Szeliski. CVPR 2003

[Trifonov et al. 2006] Tomographic Reconstruction of Transparent Objects
B. Trifonov, D. Bradley, and W. Heidrich. EGSR 2006

[Vogiatzis et al. 2005] Using Frontier Points to Recover Shape, Reflectance and Illumination
G. Vogiatzis, P. Favaro and R. Cipolla. ICCV 2005

[Zhang 1999] Flexible camera calibration by viewing a plane from unkown orientations
Zhengyou Zhang. ICCV 1999

[Zhang et al. 2002] Rapid shape acquisition using color structured light and multi-pass dynamic programming
Li zhang, Brian Curless and Steven M. Seitz. 3DPVT 2002

[Zhang et al. 2003] Shape and motion under varying illumination: unifying structure from motion, photometric stereo, and multi-view stereo
Li zhang, Brian Curless, Aaron Hertzmann and Steven M. Seitz. ICCV 2003

[Zhang et al. 2004] Spacetime faces: High-resolution capture for modeling and animation
L. Zhang, N. Snavely, B. Curless, and S. M. Seitz. SIGGRAPH 2004.

[Zhang and Huang 2004] High-resolution, Real-time 3-D Shape Acquisition
Song Zhang and Peisen Huang. IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Wo rkshop on Real-time 3-D Sensors and Their Uses, 2004.

[Zhang and Huang 2005] Phase Error Compensation for a 3-D Shape Measurement System Based on the Phase Shifting Method
Song Zhang and Peisen S. Huang. SPIE Optics East, Boston, MA, 2005.

[Zhang and Huang 2006] A Novel Method for Structured Light System Calibration
Song Zhang and Peisen S. Huang. Opt. Eng., Vol. 45, No. 8, 2006.

[Zhang and Yau 2006] High-resolution, real-time 3D absolute coordinate measurement based on a phase-shifting method
S. Zhang and S. -T. Yau. Opt. Express 14, 2644-2649 (2006)

[Zhang and Yau 2006] Generic Nonsinusoidal Phase Error Correction for 3-D Shape Measurement Using a Digital Video Projector
Song Zhang and Shing-Tung Yau. SPIE Optics and Photonics, 2006.

[Zickler et al. 2002] Helmholtz Stereopsis: Exploiting Reciprocity for Surface Reconstruction
Todd Zickler, Peter N. Belhumeur, and David J. Kriegman, ICCV 2002

[Work] Subsurface scattering

[Batall03]
RenderMan, theory and practice
SIGGRAPH 2003 course 9

[CHH03]
GPU algorithms for radiosity and subsurface scattering
N. A. Carr et al.

[CTW+04]
Shell texture functions
Yanyun Chen et al. SIGGRAPH'04

[DEJ+99]
Modeling and rendering of weathered stone
J. Dorsey et al. SIGGRAPH'99

[DS03]
Translucent shadow maps
C. Dachsbacher et al. EGSR'03

[FJB04]
Perceiving translucent materials
R. W. Fleming

[GLL+04]
DISCO - acquisition of translucent objects
Michael Goesele, Hendrik P.A.Lensch, Jochen Lang, Christian Fuchs, Hans-Peter Seidel. SIGGRAPH'04

[Goesele04]
New acquisition techniques for real objects and light sources in computer graphics
Michael Goesele. Ph.D. dissertation

[Gosselin04]
Real time skin rendering
D. Gosselin, ATI Research

[HBV03]
Interactive subsurface scattering for translucent meshes
Xuejun Hao et al.

[HK93]
Reflection from layered surfaces due to subsurface scattering
Pat Hanrahan and Wolfgang Krueger SIGGRAPH'93

[HV04]
Real-time rendering of translucent meshes
Xuejun Hao et al. TOG'04

[JB02]
A rapid hierarchical rendering technique for translucent materials
H.W.Jensen et al. SIGGRAPH'02

[JLD99]
Rendering of wet materials
H.W.Jensen et al. EGSR'99

[JML+01]
A practical model for subsurface light transport
H.W.Jensen et al. SIGGRAPH'01

[Koutajoki02]
A practical model for subsurface light transport
H.W.Jensen et al. SIGGRAPH'01

[KPH+03]
A model for volume lighting and modeling
J. Kniss et al. TVCG

[LGB+02]
Interactive rendering of translucent objects
H. P. A. Lensch et al. PG'02

[MJC03]
Light scattering from human hair fibers
S. R. Marschner et al. SIGGRAPH

[MKB+03a]
Interactive rendering of translucent deformable objects
T. Mertens et al. EGSR'03

[MKB+03b]
Efficient rendering of local subsurface scattering
T. Mertens et al. PG'03

[MPZ+02]
Acquisition and rendering of transparent and refractive objects
W. Matusik et al. EGSR'02

[MWL+99]
Image-based BRDF measurement including human skin
S. Marschner et al. EGSR'99

[PH00]
Monte Carlo evaluation of non-linear scattering equations for subsurface reflection
Matt Pharr and Pat Hanrahan, SIGGRAPH'00

[SGM04]
Real-time skin rendering on graphics hardware
P. V. Sander et al.

[Stam95]
Multiple scattering as a diffusion process
J. Stam. egsr'95

[ZC03]
Shadows and soft shadows with participating media using splatting
Caixia Zhang et al. TVCG

[Work] Appearance and acquisition

---

General Notes

Appearance and acquisition's related areas:

• Imaging systems: lighting, camera, optics, beam splitter, projector, LEDs, mirror
• computational photography
• Image-based modeling, rendering and relighting [Debevec et a. 2000]: light field [Chai et al. 2000] [Isaksen et al. 2000] [Wood et al. 2000] , environment matting [Chuang et al. 2000]
• Appearance modeling
• Signal processing [Ramamoorthi and Hanrahan 2001] [Durand et al. 2005] [Ng 200

I like computer vision because I works like a scientist. I think and discover the nature's laws. I do experiments to verify and clarify my assumptions and theories.

Analysis (computer vision) and synthesis (computer graphics) of appearance

A red line through a bundle of great work

• light field, reflectance field, incident light field
• environment matting
• A frequency analysis of light transport, a theory of inverse light transport, plenoptic sampling, a signal-processing framework for inverse rendering
• Fourier slice photography, light field microscopy
• Dual photography, Helmholtz stereopsis [Zickler et al. 2002]
• Fast separation of direct and global components of a scene using high frequency illumination, linear light source reflectometry

---

Favorite Papers

[Nayar et al. 2006]

• In all cases, the total radiance measured at a camera pixel is the sum of direct and global components. L=Ld+Lg
• First of all, it is a very nice paper. And some notes:
• How do the techniques in this paper work on a (highly)translucent object?
• Some features of translucency: low frequency (diffuse); global; polarization.
• Modeling translucent objects, e.g. shape? more applications?
• Exploit active illumination deeply. try and master projector; light source control; illumination pattern.
• Exploit reflectance, light transportation; separation and factorization are very powerful tool to analyze appearance.
• Refer to [Seitz et al. 2005]
• Frontal point → shape [Vogiatzis et al. 2005]; specularity → shape; global ↔ direct reflectance components
• minimize the number of images needed for separation.
• analyzing, illustration, deeply, generally, comparison, validation, and applications
• concavities
• Light field: techniques related to light field would be helpful.
• separation, decomposition, factorization
• High frequency illumination (shadowing); linear light source ↔ linear shadow
• It is easy to extend to multiple-layer separation (transparent or translucent layers), e.g. a person behind a glass
• It will be helpful or illuminating for anything related to direct or indirect appearance components.

[Zhang and Nayar 2006]
Some notes:

• Projector, beam splitter
• Open problem: translucent objects
• Calibration: camera, projector etc.
• Kernal estimation

[Rusinkiewicz et al. 2006]

Some notes:
Principles of shaded relief, inspired by techniques used in cartography to produce shaded relief drawings of terrain.
Multiscale shading. It reveals detail regardless of surface orientation and, by operating at multiple scales, is designed to convey detail at all frequencies simultaneously. By combining multiscale processing with local adjustment to light direction, our exaggerated shading technique communicates surface geometry through single images.

The concept of varying the light source throughout the model is related to recent work in computational photography, in which multiple photographs under different illumination are combined using either a manual painting interface or automatic criteria such as maximal contrast.
Future work: (1). This suggests perceptual studies to investigate the amount of lighting exaggeration the human visual system can tolerate, which retaining the ability to perceive surface shape, rather than texture. (2). A global optimization framework for allowing more significant changes to lighting direction while eliminating or hiding discontinuities, and (3) an analysis of shading over continuous scale space, rather than the discrete scales we consider.

[Bouguet and Perona 1999]

Some notes:
Extensions: moving camera and light source; registration of multiple scans; extended light source model.

[Gu et al. 2006]
Some notes:
database, data-driven
time-varying appearances; dynamic? evolving? temporal dimension
factorization

---

References
[Agarwal et al. 2006] Edge Suppression by Gradient Field Transformation using Cross-Projection Tensors
Amit Agrawal, Ramesh Raskar and Rama Chellappa. CVPR 2006

[Agarwala et al. 2006] Interactive Digital Photomontage
AGARWALA, A., DONTCHEVA, M., AGRAWALA, M., DRUCKER, S., COLBURN, A., CURLESS, B., SALESIN, D., AND COHEN, M. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Akers et al. 2003] Conveying Shape and Features with Image-Based Relighting
AKERS, D., LOSASSO, F., KLINGNER, J., AGRAWALA, M., RICK, J., AND HANRAHAN, P. IEEE Visualization.

[Arikan et al. 2005] Fast and Detailed Approximate Global Illumination by Irradiance Decomposition
Okan Arikan, David Forsyth, James F. O'Brien. SIGGRAPH 2005.

[Ben-Ezra and Nayar 2004] Motion-based motion deblurring
Moshe Ben-Ezra and Shree K. Nayar PAMI 2004

[Ben-Ezra et al. 2005] Video super-resolution using controlled subpixel detector shifts
Moshe Ben-Ezra et al. PAMI 2005

[Chai et al. 2000] Plenoptic Sampling
Jin-Xiang Chai, Xin Tong, Shing-Chow Chan, Harry Shum. SIGGRAPH 2000

[Chen et al. 2005] Visual Simulation of Weathering by Gamma-ton Tracing
Yanyun Chen, Lin Xia, Tien Tsin Wong, Xin Tong, Hujun Bao, Baining Guo, Heung-Yeung Shum. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Chuang et al. 2000] Environment Matting Extensions: Towards Higher Accuracy and Real-Time Capture
Yung-Yu Chuang, Douglas E. Zongker, Joel Hindorff, Brian Curless, David H. Salesin, Richard Szeliski. SIGGRAPH 2000

[Debevec et al. 2000] Acquiring the Reflectance Field of a Human Face
Paul Debevec, Tim Hawkins, Chris Tchou, Haarm-Pieter Duiker, Westley Sarokin, Mark Sagar. SIGGRAPH 2000

[Donner et al. 2005] Light Diffusion in Multi-Layered Translucent Materials
Craig Donner, Henrik Wann Jensen. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Durand et al. 2005] A Frequency Analysis of Light Transport
Fredo Durand, Nicolas Holzschuch, Cyril Soler, Eric Chan, Franois X. Sillion. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Fergus et al. 2006] Removing camera shake from a single photograph
Rob Fergus et al. siggraph 2006

[Gardner et al. 2003] Linear Light Source Reflectometry
Andrew Gardner, Chris Tchou, Tim Hawkins, Paul Debevec. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Garg et al. 2006] Photorealistic Rendering of Rain Streaks
Kshitiz Garg, Shree K. Nayar. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Georgiev et al. 2006] Spatio-angular Resolution Trade-offs in Integral Photography
Georgiev, T., Zheng, C., Nayar, Sh., Curless, B., Salasin, D., Intwala, Ch. EGSR 2006

[Goesele et al. 2003] Accurate Light Source Acquisition and Rendering
Michael Goesele, Xavier Granier, Wolfgang Heidrich, Hans-Peter Seidel. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Golovinskiy et al. 2006] A Statistical Model for Synthesis of Detailed Facial Geometry
Aleksey Golovinskiy, Wojciech Matusik, Hanspeter Pfister, Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Thomas A. Funkhouser. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Gooch et al. 1998] A Non-Photorealistic Lighting Model for Automatic Techical Illustration
GOOCH, A., GOOCH, B., SHIRLEY, P., AND COHEN, E. SIGGRAPH

[Gooch et al. 2004]Human Facial Illustrations: Creation and Psychophysical Evaluation
GOOCH, B., REINHARD, E., AND GOOCH, A. ACM Trans. Graphics

[Gortler et al. 1996] The lumigraph
S. Gortler, R. Grzeszczuk, R. Szelishi and M. Cohen. SIGGRAPH 1996.

[Grossberg and Nayar 2005] The raxel imaging model and ray-based calibration
Michael Grossberg et al. IJCV 2005

[Gu et al. 2006] Time-Varying Surface Appearance: Acquisition, Modeling, and Rendering
Jinwei Gu, Chien-i Tu, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Peter Belhumeur, Wojciech Matusik, Shree Nayar. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Gumhold 2002] Maximum Entropy Light Source Placement
GUMHOLD, S. In Proc. IEEE Visualization.

[Guy and Soler 2004] Graphics Gems Revisited: Fast and Physically Based Rendering of Gemstones
Stephane Guy, Cyril Soler. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Halle and Meng 2003] LightKit: A Lighting System for Effective Visualization
HALLE, M., AND MENG, J. 2003. . In Proc. IEEE Visualization.

[Han et al. 2003] Measuring Bidirectional Texture Reflectance With a Kaleidoscope
Jefferson Han, Ken Perlin. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Hanrahan and Krueger 1993] Reflection from layered surfaces due to subsurface scattering
Pat Hanrahan and Wolfgang krueger. SIGGRAPH 1993

[Hasan et al. 2006] Direct-to-indirect transfer for cinematic relighting
Milos Hasan et al. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Hawkins et al. 2005] Acquisition of Time-Varying Participating Media
Tim Hawkins, Per Einarsson, Paul Debevec. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Heeger and Bergeny 1995] Pyramid-Based Texture Analysis/Synthesis
David J. Heeger and James R. Bergeny. siggraph 1995

[Isaksen et al. 2000] Dynamically Reparameterized Light Fields
Aaron Isaksen, Leonard McMillan, Steven J. Gortler. SIGGRAPH 2000

[Jagnow et al. 2004] Stereological Techniques for Solid Textures
Robert Jagnow, Julie Dorsey, Holly Rushmeier. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Jensen et al. 2001] A Practical Model for Subsurface Light Transport
Henrik Wann Jensen, Steve Marschner, Marc Levoy, Pat Hanrahan. SIGGRAPH 2001

[Jensen and Buhler 2002] A Rapid Hierarchical Rendering Technique for Translucent Materials
Henrik Wann Jensen, Juan Buhler. SIGGRAPH 2002

[Khan et al. 2006] Image-Based Material Editing
Erum Arif Khan, Erik Reinhard, Roland Fleming, Heinrich Buelthoff. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Kuthirummal et al. 2006] Multiview Radial Catadioptric Imaging for Scene Capture
Sujit Kuthirummal, Shree K. Nayar. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Lawrence et al. 2006] Inverse shade trees for non-parametric material representation and editing
Jason Lawrence et al. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Levoy and Hanrahan 1996] Light field rendering
Marc Levoy and Pat Hanrahan. SIGGRAPH 1996

[Levoy et al. 2004] Synthetic Aperture Confocal Imaging
Marc Levoy, Billy Chen, Vaibhav Vaish, Mark Horowitz, Ian McDowall, Mark Bolas. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Lee et al. 2006] Geometry-Dependent Lighting
LEE, C. H., HAO, X., AND VARSHNEY, A. IEEE Trans. Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 12, No. 2.

[Levoy et al. 2004] Synthetic Aperture Confocal Imaging
Marc Levoy, Billy Chen, Vaibhav Vaish, Mark Horowitz, Ian McDowall and Mark Bolas

[Levoy et al. 2006] Light Field Microscopy
Marc Levoy, Ren Ng, Andrew Adams, Matthew Footer, Mark Horowitz. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Li et al. 2005] Compressing and Companding High Dynamic Range Images with Subband Architectures
LI, Y., SHARAN, L., AND ADELSON, E. H. SIGGRAPH

[Lin et al. 2002] Relighting with the Reflected Irradiance Field: Representation, Sampling and Reconstruction
Zhouchen Lin, Tien-Tsin Wong and Heung Yeung Shum. IJCV 2002

[Loftus and Harley 2004] How different spatial-frequency components contribute to visual information acquisition
Geoffrey R. Loftus et al. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 2004

[Mallick et al. 2006] Specularity Removal in Images and Videos: A PDE Approach
Satya P. Mallick, Todd Zickler, David J. Kriegman, and Peter N. Belhumeur. ECCV 2006

[Malzbender et al. 2006] Surface Enhancement Using Real-time Photometric Stereo and Reflectance Transformation
Tom Malzbender, Bennett Wilburn, Dan Gelb, Bill Ambrisco. EGSR06

[Marschner et al. 2003] Light Scattering From Human Hair Fibers
Stephen R. Marschner, Henrik Wann Jensen, Mike Cammarano, Steve Worley, Pat Hanrahan. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Marschner et al. 2005] Measuring and Modeling the Appearance of Finished Wood
Steve R. Marschner, Stephen H. Westin, Adam Arbree, Jonathan T. Moond. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Masselus et al. 2003] Relighting with 4D Incident Light Fields
Vincent Masselus, Pieter Peers, Philip Dutre, Yves D. Willems. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Matusik et al. 2003] A Data-Driven Reflectance Model
Wojciech Matusik, Hanspeter Pfister, Matthew Brand, Leonard McMillan. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Matusik et al. 2004] Progressively-Refined Reflectance Functions from Natural Illumination
Wojciech Matusik, Matt Loper, and Hanspeter Pfister. EGSR 2004
note: new representation for reflectance fields, progressive refinement

[McGuire et al. 2005] Defocus Video Matting
Morgan McGuire, Wojciech Matusik, Hanspeter Pfister, John F. Hughes, Fredo Durand. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Moon and Marschner 2006] Simulating multiple scattering in hair using a photon mapping approach
Jonathan Moon and S. Marschner. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Narasimhan and Nayar 2003] Shedding light on the weather
Srinivasa G. Narasimhan and Shree Nayar. CVPR 2003

[Narasimhan et al. 2003] A Class of Photometric Invariants: Separating Material from Shape and Illumination
Srinivasa G. Narasimhan, Visvanathan Ramesh, and Shree K. Nayar. ICCV03

[Narasimhan and Nayar 2005] Enhancing resolution along multiple imaging dimensions using assorted pixels
S. G. Naraimhan et al. PAMI 2005

[Narasimhan et al. 2006] Acquiring Scattering Properties of Participating Media by Dilution
Srinivasa Narasimhan, Mohit Gupta, Craig Donner, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Shree K. Nayar, Henrik Wann Jensen. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Ng 2005] Fourier Slice Photography
Ren Ng. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Ngan and Durand 2006] Statistical acquisition of texture appearance
Addy Ngan and Frédo Durand. EGSR 2006

[Ostrovsky et al. 2005] Perceiving Illumination Inconsistencies in Scenes
OSTROVSKY, Y., CAVANAGH, P., AND SINHA, P. Perception

[Pas and Pont 2005] A comparison of material and illumination discrimination performance for real rough, real smooth and computer generated smooth spheres
Susan F. te Pas and Sylvia C. Pont. APGV 2005

[Peers and Dutré 2003] Wavelet environment matting
P. Peers and P. Dutré EGSR 2003.

[Peers et al. 2006] A compact factored representation of heterogeneous subsurface scattering
Pieter Peers et al. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Pharr and Hanrahan 2000] Monte Carlo Evaluation of Non-Linear Scattering Equations for Subsurface Reflection
Matt Pharr and Pat Hanrahan SIGGRAPH 2000

[Pont and Koenderink 2003] The Utrecht Oranges Set
Sylvia C. Pont and Jan J. Koenderink. Technical Report

[Premoze et al. 2004] Practical rendering of multiple scattering effects in participating media
Simon Premoze et al. EGSR 2004

[Ramamoorthi et al. 2006] A first order analysis of lighting, shading, and shadows
Ravi Ramamoorthi, Dhruv Mahajan and Peter Belhumeur. TOG 2006

[Ramamoorthi and Hanrahan 2001] A Signal-Processing Framework for Inverse Rendering
Ravi Ramamoorthi, Pat Hanrahan. SIGGRAPH 2001

[Ramamoorthi and Hanrahan 2001b] An Efficient Representation for Irradiance Environment Maps
Ravi Ramamoorthi and Pat Hanrahan. SIGGRAPH 2001

[Raskar et al. 2006] Coded exposure photography: motion deblurring using fluttered shutter
Ramesh Raskar, Amit Agrawal and Jack Tumblin

[Raskar et al. 2004] Non-photorealistic Camera: Depth Edge Detection and Stylized Rendering Using a Multi-Flash Camera
Ramesh Raskar, Karhan Tan, Rogerio Feris, Jingyi Yu, Matthew Turk. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Rusinkiewicz et al. 2002] Real-Time 3D Model Acquisition
Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Olaf Hall-Holt and Marc Levoy. SIGGRAPH 2002.

[Rusinkiewicz et al. 2006] Exaggerated Shading for Depicting Shape and Detail
Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Michael Burns, Doug DeCarlo. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Schechner and Karpel 2004] Clear underwater vision
Yoav Y. Schechner et al. 2004

[Seitz et al. 2005] A Theory of Inverse Light Transport
S. Seitz, Y. Matsushita and K. Kutulakos. ICCV 2005

[Shacked and Lischinski 2001] Automatic Lighting Design using a Perceptual Quality Metric
SHACKED, R., AND LISCHINSKI, D. In Proc. Eurographics.

[Su et al. 2005] De-Emphasis of Distracting Image Regions using Texture Power Maps
SU, S., DURAND, F., AND AGRAWALA, M. In Proc. Workshop on Texture Analysis and Synthesis

[Sun et al. 2005] A Practical Analytic Single Scattering Model for Real Time Rendering
Bo Sun, Ravi Ramamoorthi, Srinivasa Narasimhan, Shree Nayar. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Tong et al. 2004] Shell Texture Functions
Yanyun Chen, Xin Tong, Steve Lin, Jiaping Wang, Baining Guo, Heung-Yeung Shum. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Tong et al. 2005] Modeling and Rendering of Quasi-Homogeneous Materials
Xin Tong, Jiaping Wang, Steve Lin, Baining Guo, Heung-Yeung Shum. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Tsumura et al. 2003] Image-Based Skin Color and Texture Analysis/Synthesis by Extracting Hemoglobin and Melanin Information in the Skin
Norimichi Tsumura, Nobutoshi Ojima, Kayoko Sato, Mitsuhiro Shiraishi, Hideto Shimizu, Hirohide Nabeshima, Syuuichi Akazaki, Kimihiko Hori, Yoichi Miyake. SIGGRAPH 2003

[Vasilescu et al. 2004] TensorTextures: Multilinear Image-Based Rendering
M. Alex O. Vasilescu, Demetri Terzopoulos. SIGGRAPH 2004

[Wang et al. 2005] All-frequency interactive relighting of translucent objects with single and multiple scattering
Rui Wang et al. SIGGRAPH 2005

[Weyrich et al. 2006] Analysis of Human Faces using a Measurement-Based Skin Reflectance Model
Tim Weyrich, Wojciech Matusik, Hanspeter Pfister, Bernd Bickel, Craig Donner, Chien Tu, Janet McAndless, Jinho Lee, Addy Ngan, Henrik Wann Jensen, Markus Gross. SIGGRAPH 2006

[Wood et al. 2000] Surface Light Fields for 3D Photography
Daniel N. Wood, Daniel I. Azuma, Ken Aldinger, Brian Curless, Tom Duchamp,Werner Stuetzle, David H. Salesin. SIGGRAPH 2000

[Wyman 2005] An approximate image-space approach for interactive refraction
Chris Wyman. SIGGRAPh 2005

[Xiao and Brainard 2006] Color perception of 3D objects: constancy with respect to variation of surface gloss
Xiao, B. and Brainard D. H. ACM Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization (APGV06)

[Yu et al. 2006] Sparse Lumigraph Relight by Illumination and Reflectance Estimation from Multi-View Images
Tianli Yu, Hongcheng Wang, Narendra Ahuja, Wei-Chao Chen. EGSR 2006

[Zhu and Yang 2004] Frequency-based environment matting
Jiayuan Zhu and Yee-hong Yang. Pacific Graphics 2004

[Zongker et al. 1999] Environment matting and compositing
D. Zongker, D. Werner, B. Curless, and D. Salesin

[Work] Mac OS problem (gcc 4)

There is a lazy pointer problem with the Tiger release of Mac OS (gcc 4):
dyld: lazy symbol binding failed: lazy pointer not found
dyld: lazy pointer not found
Trace/BPT trap

Workaround 1

Edit the makefile in order to remove the g++ -s option (strip), and recompile.

[Work] script for change filename

change all the files *.JPG to *.jpg
#!/bin/bash

find . -name '*.JPG' | \
while read filename
do
  dir=${filename%.JPG}
  echo $filename "$dir".jpg
  mv $filename "$dir".jpg
done

购物原动力

1. Wolfskin 的帽子
戴着灰色的帽子在雪地上行走， 像狼一样的颜色，多酷阿

2. WMF的咖啡杯
写论文的时候，用这个杯子喝Cappechino, 多惬意阿， 宝贝的手握着刚好
（1个月后，闲置了）

3. WMF的玻璃杯
看看这个杯子，造型多年轻啊 （2个月后，摔了）

4. Ozark的鞋子
我从来都没有穿过这么舒服的鞋 （5个月后，扔了）

5. 不沾锅
把鸡蛋往油里一放， 瓜拉一下，那感觉真好

6. WMF土豆刀
在德国以后经常吃土豆，要有一个好用的土豆刀该多好啊

7. Webster's New World dictionary
这是一本小字典，随身携带，走火车的时候，还可以背单词
（购回后， 发现是本大辞典）

8. 折叠桌
白天可以折起来， 用的时候再支， 多节省空间啊(至今从来灭有折起来过)

9. Escada 风衣
颜色多正阿， 穿起来多年轻啊，她就是年轻的颜色

10. 烤箱
每天早上能吃到新鲜的烤面包，可以自己烤肘子， 烤鸡翅

11. waterman 笔
用他写日记

12. Mammut 绒衣
它是最好的

13. Fissler 锅
不管粘成什么样，读能刷干净

14. Thomas盘子
用瓷器吃饭， 有家的感觉， 做饭显得专业

15. 小铁碗
每天早上煎个鸡蛋，该多方便啊

16. 白豆
这豆一看， 肉质就细腻 （暴难吃）

[Work] ipconfig

[问题]
在Windows 命令行
不能使用ipconfig等等命令

[答案]
可能是因为防火墙
比如Zone Alarm

[Travel] bus planner in Minneapolis

http://www.metrotransit.org/

[note] Image deblurring

image deblurring with blurred/noisy image pairs

extensions:
1. dynamic scene
2. spatially varying blur kernel
3. multiple aperture setting imaging
small aperture -> large DOF
large aperture -> small DOF
4. given a kernel, what is the best deconvolution?
5. motion deblurring

[Work] video / audio codecs

free codecs
especially the K_Lite_Codec_Pack

video converter
VirtualDub


Check video codecs on WindowXP
1. right click "My Computer", go to "System Properties"
2. choose "Hardware" tab, then "Device Manager"
3. go to "Sound, video and game controllers"
4. finally, click "Video Codecs"

心理落差

有差别
有对比
有落差
才有意思

没有对比度的照片很呆板
没有层次没有景深的照片也没意思
没有Bokeh的照片也没有重点
没有贫富差距的社会也没有向上的努力

泰山因为平地而起而让人肃然起敬
雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和珠穆朗玛峰
也因为同样的原因引诱着人们冒着生命危险去探索

从来都是作文最后一名的学生
会因为一次录取的投稿而欣喜若狂
从来都被女孩子忽略的男孩
会因为心目中的仙女的一个回眸一笑而心潮彭湃

高中的尖子生上了大学
会因为平庸的开始而自暴自弃
过惯少爷生活的人
会在艰苦的自立生活中举步维艰

开心和不开心的程度
从来不是绝对的
而是相对的
没有心理的和现实的严重落差
也就没有大喜大悲

从乐观主义的角度看
不管你如何失败
如何痛苦
如何的绝望

请不要只看着你自己
看看别人看看周围看看世界

多少人比你更可怜
更痛苦
更一无所有

这样你就有理由得到心灵的安宁
从眼泪中看到希望
看到从新开始的理由

没有答案的问题

我很少在公共场合提问题
我是一个爱提问题的人
我喜欢提没有答案的问题

我尤其不喜欢在别人做报告的时候提问题
作报告的人喜欢你提他能回答的问题
如果他不会回答
他也要勉强说些什么
如果问的是他能很好回答的问题
事情变得很没意思

这是一个个人喜好的问题
我喜欢带着一个个问题
没有答案的问题
我不会觉得很苦恼
因为这些问题而苦恼
有些人会因为脑子里悬着问题而苦恼不已
其实大可不必
因为你细想想
你会发现你不知道不会不能够的事情很多很多
如果仅仅因为你知道了某个问题而就苦恼
显得太狭隘

问问题可能是创造力的最大源泉
尤其是几乎没有答案的问题
没有直接答案的问题可以引发一系列的探索
在这一些探索过程中
可能是最能深刻理解事物的本质的
因为这些问题
也会强迫你刺激你去创造工具
发现道路

发现是快乐
创造是快乐

做从来没人做过的事
其乐无穷

人很怪？
精神胜利能让人很开心
精神落差也能让人很开心
快乐本身就是精神的

强壮和聪明 身体和大脑

父母总喜欢自己的孩子又强壮又聪明
但就我所知
这只是理想，或者叫幻想

强壮的孩子不会很聪明
聪明的孩子不会很强壮

没听说那个著名的科学家是很强壮的运动员
而往往是不善于运动的
甚至是运动白痴

反过来也是适合的
运动员没有一个是科学家或艺术家

但这儿有个感念误区
那就是怎样定义聪明
强壮，体格的强壮定义是很清楚地
但聪明很难定义

科学家，艺术家，工程师，哲学家...
这些人很聪明？
只有这些人很聪明？
那政治家？
商人？
...
这些人算聪明吗？


我会说克林顿时个很聪明的人
布莱尔也是
Dell也是
Bill Gates 也是

所以政治家
商人
只要出色
也是很聪明的
但上面这些人也不是运动好手


想来想去
似乎可以认为强壮和聪明是不能同时出现在一个人身上的


日常生活中的自我
好像也有这个规律

身体的状态和大脑的状态往往背道而驰
在你觉得胃口很好
四肢强健的时候
往往头脑混沌

而得了感冒
或者卧病在床的时候
身体虚弱散布静坐的时候
大脑却异常的活跃

这是为什么呢？

废墟和铁锈

听说Voelklingen的钢铁厂是个世界文化遗产
但一直没有兴趣去
去过Duisberg的旧钢铁厂
觉得德国人总喜欢把旧的一文不值东西装扮得很有价值
有点讨厌

德国人喜欢修旧的东西
特里尔大学的计算机楼是从法军医院翻修的
从新翻修的房子
你是看不到旧房子的痕迹的
我始终想不通
这样几乎把旧房子整个拆掉
然后修复
而且成本往往高于整个新盖
（听说这样可以从州里拿到更多的钱）

在这样翻修的旧楼里
对中国人来说
风水自然不好
总觉得阴森森的
而且如果晚上加班
大楼又在荒郊野外
想像以前的停尸房

但有同学说
6月3日钢铁厂提供免费参观
很多认识同学都会去
很好的一次集体出游
而且而且
最重要的是我们需要好的摄影题材

一路上很是热闹
因为人很多

从踏进钢厂的那一瞬间起
我和妻子就一个劲的感叹出乎意料
我想本来期望值很低
而事实远远超出想象
而喜欢上照相后的眼睛已经改变
我们决定要买年票
因为在这儿可以练习很多的照相技术

庞大的规模
满眼的铁锈
岁月和历史
赋予了眼前的一切一种震撼的力量
一直在兴奋中度过

喜欢破旧荒凉

Reading note

"I think that to some degree when you're a small company you sort of have to do everything yourself, and as you get more established you begin to realize you'll never get everything done by yourself. You're fundamentally going to be a better player, a better solution, if you can share in the success, and get the benefit of the hard work these other people have done."

-- Eric Schmidt


Doing research shares some similar principles with running a company.
When you are beginner, you should learn most of the basic skills by yourself.
It will be very crucial to have some vital skills. As you get stronger you probably
should learn to do colaboration with other people. You can also simply build your
system upon others' basic blocks.

[Work] Machine learning and Bayesian statistics

Kevin P Murphy
A Brief Introduction to Graphical Models and Bayesian Networks